Shortly before the Angel Island Immigration Station in San Francisco Bay was scheduled for demolition in 1970, a California State Park Ranger discovered poems carved in the walls of the former detention center and so began a grassroots movement to preserve the carvings and this vital piece of American history. The first edition of Island was published in 1980 and included translations and transcriptions of most of the station’s carved poems. This new edition–Island: Poetry and History of Chinese Immigrants on Angel Island, 1910-1940, edited by Him Mark Lai, Genny Lim, and Judy Yung, and many years in the making–is a wonderful expansion of an already important work of literature and history. It contains additional poems, greater historical context, and expertly incorporates new research.
After passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and its subsequent renewals, Chinese immigrants (and later others as well) had to prove their right to enter the United States. They did so at detention centers and immigration stations like the one opened on Angel Island in 1910 and used for 30 years. While awaiting their immigration hearings, many were detained for days or months while immigration inspectors cross-examined witnesses, examined evidence, and decided their cases. Some of those who were detained carved their thoughts and feelings into the walls themselves, expressing a range of emotions, from hope for the future to sorrow, from camaraderie to despair. The poems are moving and candid.
Island records the entire body of known carvings and inscriptions found at Angel Island. This volume adds poems not included in the first edition, as well as similar poetry found at Ellis Island and an immigration station in British Columbia, Canada (where a similar, though different, kind of immigration restriction was implemented). It also recounts the history of Chinese immigrants and the trials and tribulations faced upon entering the country, using both historical narrative and in-depth oral histories that provide intimate insight into the individual experience.
In shot, Island belongs on the bookshelves of anyone even remotely interested in American history or literature, just as it belongs on the bookshelves of anyone who owns the first edition.